A mysterious ancient Egyptian mug has been revealed to contain traces of a mind-altering concoction that includes psychoactive plants, fermented fruit liquids, and even human bodily fluids, a groundbreaking study has uncovered. Researchers have analyzed the artifact, which is believed to date back to the 2nd century B.C., and found evidence of a complex liquid used in ritualistic practices, possibly linked to fertility and prophecy.
The mug, decorated with the head of Bes—a deity associated with joy, fertility, and household protection—was found to hold a mixture containing psychoactive plants like Peganum harmala (Syrian rue) and blue water lily, both known for their dream-inducing and euphoric effects. The study also identified traces of fermented alcohol, honey, sesame seeds, pine nuts, licorice, and grapes, suggesting the drink may have been used to induce altered states of consciousness during ancient Egyptian ceremonies.
Additionally, unexpected traces of human blood, vaginal mucus, and possibly breast milk were found in the mug’s residue, raising the possibility that the ritual drink symbolized themes of life and regeneration. The analysis of the Bes mug, housed in the Tampa Museum of Art, marks the first scientific evidence of psychedelic substances being deliberately used in ancient Egyptian rituals, shedding new light on the spiritual and mystical practices of the Ptolemaic period.
The findings offer a new perspective on the significance of Bes mugs, which have long been enigmatic in terms of their purpose—once thought to be used for everyday functions or religious rites, but now revealed as integral to ancient Egyptian rituals of transformation and spiritual connection.
